AOD 9604 Peptide Chronic Use and Lipolytic Activity

Early clinical studies were carried out on obese mice where the AOD 9604 peptide was chronically administered for 14 days. Following the experiment, the results reported reduction in body weight and excess fat. These results were directly correlated with the increased levels of major lipolytic receptors called ß3-AR cells found in the fat cells. AOD 9604 peptide has appeared to exhibit effects similar to hGH where both are capable to increase the repressed levels of lipolytic receptors in obese mice as compared to the lean mice. To confirm whether the lipolytic effects of AOD 9604 were merely associated with the increased lipolytic receptor levels, additional studies were carried out where AOD 9604 was administered to mice with knocked out lipolytic receptors. Interestingly, AOD 9604 was reported to be apparently effective in this case as well. Further analysis suggested that the AOD 9604 peptide enacted the lipolytic effects via increased energy expenditure and fat oxidation. Thus, it was concluded that AOD 9604 may be effective in fat reduction irrespective of the receptors, though these studies have shown AOD 9604 peptides to increase the lipolytic receptor expression. (1) Both these findings on chronic and acute use of AOD 9604 illustrated that while enhanced ß3-AR expression played a vital role in the chronic effectiveness of the compound, ß3-AR was not the sole arbiter in this reaction. Oxidation and enhanced energy expenditure appeared to be vital in the apparent efficacy of the peptide.

In 2000, a research study was carried out in obese Zucker rats where the AOD 9604 peptide was administered daily for 19 consecutive days. Post treatment, it was reported that the body weight appeared to be reduced in all rats by over 50% in comparison to the rats treated with placebo. Further analysis suggested that the adipose tissues of the AOD 9604 peptide treated animals had increased lipolytic activity and there was no adverse impact on the insulin sensitivity of the animals.

AOD 9604 Peptide and Obesity

In 2004, Metabolic Pharmaceuticals Limited conducted clinical trials where 300 obese patients were given the peptide for a 12-week period. Five gradually increasing dosages were used, alongside a placebo. Out of all, the group administered with the lowest dose showed the best results, with an average weight loss of 2.8 kilograms over the 12 week period. The rate of weight loss remained consistent throughout the treatment period. The trial results noted minor improvement exhibited in the patients’ cholesterol profiles and glucose tolerance levels. This suggested the peptide’s promise in long-term dosing therapies for lowering and sustaining weight. (4)

AOD 9604 Peptide and Cell Regeneration

Additional research was conducted to study the regenerative effects of the peptide. In 2015, 32 white rabbits were divided into four groups of eight and each group was administered with a placebo,  AOD 9604, hyaluronic acid, or a combination of both AOD 9604 and hyaluronic acid for a period of 4 to 7 weeks. After treatment, these rabbits were assessed morphologically and histopathologically to determine the degree of cartilage degeneration. It was concluded that rabbits treated with the combination dose of AOD 9604 with hyaluronic acid apparently exhibited the least degeneration. Thus, it was suggested that AOD 9604 has potential to enhance cartilage regeneration and cartilage repair in some capacity. (3) Multiple clinical studies in humans have further suggested that the peptide may significantly induce lipolysis and prevent lipogenesis by mimicking the natural hGH that regulates the body fat without the unwanted side effects on blood sugar and insulin levels. Additionally, this peptide has been reported to exhibit potential in cell repair, and bone and cartilage regeneration.

AOD9604 is a modified version of the hGH fragment 176-191 peptide (contains a di-sulfide bridge) and thus a derivative of human growth hormone (hGH). Originally developed as a lipolytic (fat burning) compound, AOD9604 has shown benefit in studies of heart disease, osteoarthritis/cartilage repair, and metabolic syndrome. AOD9604 stimulates lipolysis (the breakdown or destruction of fat) and inhibits lipogenesis in animal studies.